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📚 Course Topics

TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

📘 Welcome to Advanced Rules (R102)

Welcome to Raqball Advanced Rules (R102) - the professional-level certification for referees, tournament directors, and competitive coaches. This course builds on R101 fundamentals with detailed game administration knowledge.

✅ Prerequisites Completed
  • R101 (Rules Fundamentals) - Basic rules understanding

Course Overview

  • 54 Total Slides across 7 comprehensive topics
  • 40 Question Bank covering advanced rules interpretation
  • 30-Question Exam with 80% passing requirement
  • FREE Certification - Required prerequisite for professional licenses

Who Needs This?

  • Required: All referees (R103-R105), Tournament Directors (T101)
  • Recommended: Competitive coaches, facility operators, serious players
  • Optional: Parents, community members interested in advanced game knowledge
🎯 Learning Objectives

By the end of this course, you will master:

  • Precise game timing and structure protocols
  • Team composition requirements and substitution rules
  • Foul classification and disciplinary procedures
  • Advanced scoring mechanics and TARGGET administration
  • Player movement regulations and boundary rules
  • Exact equipment specifications and court dimensions
  • Match documentation and complaint procedures
TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

⏱️ Game Duration Standards

Understanding precise game timing is critical for match officials and tournament scheduling.

Standard Match Duration

Match Type Duration Periods Notes
Standard Match 40 minutes 2 × 20 minutes Most common format
Youth Match (U12) 30 minutes 2 × 15 minutes Modified for younger players
Championship 60 minutes 3 × 20 minutes High-level competition
⚠️ Clock Management
  • Clock stops for timeouts, injuries, and official reviews
  • Clock runs during TARGGET attempts unless timeout called
  • Halftime: 10 minutes (standard), 5 minutes (youth)
TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

⏱️ Shot Clock Rules

The shot clock ensures continuous play and prevents teams from stalling. Understanding shot clock rules is essential for players, coaches, and officials.

Shot Clock Duration

⏰ Standard Shot Clock: 30 seconds
Teams must attempt a shot at the TARGGET within 30 seconds of gaining possession.
Situation Shot Clock Notes
Standard Possession 30 seconds Clock starts when team gains clear possession
After Timeout Full reset (30 sec) Clock resets after team timeout
After Defensive Foul Full reset (30 sec) Offensive team gets fresh shot clock
Rebound (Same Team) Continues or resets If under 15 sec remaining, resets to 15 sec

Shot Clock Violations

⚠️ What Happens When Shot Clock Expires?
  • Violation: Team fails to attempt shot before clock reaches 0:00
  • Penalty: Turnover - possession awarded to opposing team
  • Reset: Shot clock resets to 30 seconds for new possession
  • No Warning: Officials do not warn teams as clock expires

What Counts as a Shot Attempt?

  • Valid Attempt: Ball must be released toward TARGGET before buzzer sounds
  • Contact Required: Ball must contact TARGGET or pass through center hole
  • Intent: Must be a genuine scoring attempt (not a pass that hits TARGGET)
  • Referee Judgment: Officials determine if attempt was legitimate

Shot Clock Operation

  • Starts: When team gains clear possession (catch or loose ball recovery)
  • Stops: When shot is released, timeout called, or whistle blown
  • Visible: Shot clock must be visible to players, coaches, and officials
  • Audio Signal: Buzzer sounds when shot clock expires (distinct from game clock)

Tournament Variations

📋 Shot Clock Optional in Some Formats
  • Recreational leagues may not use shot clock
  • Youth competitions (U12) may use 35-40 second shot clock
  • Championship/professional play: Always 30 seconds
  • Tournament rules must specify shot clock requirements

🔑 Key Takeaways

  • Standard shot clock: 30 seconds
  • Violation = turnover (no warning)
  • Resets to full 30 after timeout or defensive foul
  • Resets to 15 seconds if rebound with under 15 remaining
  • Ball must be released before buzzer and contact TARGGET
TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

🔄 Overtime Procedures

When a match ends in a tie, specific overtime protocols apply based on competition level and format.

Overtime Format

  • Duration: 5-minute sudden-victory period
  • Break: 3-minute rest before overtime
  • Scoring: First team to score wins (golden goal)
  • Multiple OT: If tied after first OT, additional 5-minute periods until winner decided
🚨 Tournament Exception

In tournament pool play, ties may be allowed to stand. Check tournament rules for specific tie-breaking procedures.

Alternative: Shootout Format

Some tournaments use TARGGET shootouts instead of overtime:

  • 5 players per team attempt TARGGET from center line
  • Best of 5 attempts wins
  • If tied after 5, sudden death (1v1) until winner
TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

🙋 Timeout Rules

Team Timeouts

Period Timeouts Allowed Duration
First Half 2 per team 60 seconds each
Second Half 2 per team 60 seconds each
Overtime 1 per team 60 seconds
⏸️ Timeout Procedures
  • Only team captain or head coach can request timeout
  • Request must be made when ball is out of play
  • Unused timeouts do NOT carry over to next period
  • Injury timeouts (called by referee) do not count against team total

Official Timeouts

Referees may call official timeouts for:

  • Player injury assessment
  • Equipment malfunction
  • Court hazard resolution
  • Spectator interference
  • Video review (if available)
TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

⏸️ Match Periods & Breaks

Period Structure

Proper period management ensures fair play and adequate rest:

Break Type Duration Procedures
Halftime 10 minutes Teams switch sides, full break
Period Break (3-period) 5 minutes Teams switch sides after each period
Pre-Overtime 3 minutes Coin toss for possession
🔄 Side Switching

Teams must switch sides at halftime or between periods to ensure fairness (wind, sun, court conditions).

Pre-Match Warmup

  • Shared Court: 10 minutes total (5 minutes per team)
  • Separate Courts: 15 minutes simultaneous warmup if available
  • TARGGET Practice: Minimum 5 TARGGET attempts per team during warmup
TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

🎯 Match Start Procedures

Pre-Match Protocol

  1. Equipment Check: Referee inspects balls, TARGGET, court markings (15 min before)
  2. Team Check-In: Rosters verified, team captains identified (10 min before)
  3. Coin Toss: Winning captain chooses possession OR side (5 min before)
  4. National Anthem: If applicable (3 min before)
  5. Final Preparations: Teams to positions (1 min before)
🪙 Coin Toss Options

The winning captain chooses ONE:

  • Option 1: Receive opening possession
  • Option 2: Choose which side to defend

The losing captain gets the remaining option.

Opening Play

  • Match begins with center court possession
  • Defending team must be 3 meters away from center line
  • Referee whistle signals start of play
  • Possession team has 5 seconds to put ball in play
TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

⏱️ Stoppage Time & Delays

When Clock Stops

The game clock stops for these situations:

  • Team timeout (60 seconds)
  • Injury timeout (variable)
  • Official timeout (equipment, hazard, etc.)
  • Referee review or consultation
  • Disciplinary card issuance (explanation)
  • Between periods
⏳ Delay of Game

Teams/players may receive warnings or penalties for:

  • Excessive time during substitutions
  • Intentionally delaying restart of play
  • Slow return from timeout
  • Feigning injury

Added Time

Referees may add stoppage time at the end of each half for:

  • Prolonged injuries
  • Lengthy official reviews
  • Spectator interference
  • Any other unusual delays
📢 Announcement

Referee or timekeeper must announce added time before the period ends. Typical added time: 0-3 minutes.

TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

🛑 Match Termination

Normal Match End

  • Referee blows final whistle when time expires
  • Teams shake hands at center court
  • Referee signs match sheet within 10 minutes
  • Team captains sign acknowledging result
⚠️ Premature Termination

A match may be terminated early due to:

  • Weather/Safety: Lightning, severe conditions (match may resume later)
  • Facility Issue: Court unsafe, lighting failure (match may resume)
  • Forfeit: Team has fewer than 4 eligible players (automatic loss)
  • Abandonment: Team refuses to continue (automatic loss)
  • Crowd Control: Spectator violence, unsafe environment

Suspended Match Procedures

If a match is suspended due to weather or facility issues:

  1. Referee records exact time remaining and score
  2. Tournament director determines resumption time (usually within 2 hours)
  3. If cannot resume same day, match restarts from suspension point next available time
  4. Same officials and rosters must be used if possible
TOPIC 1: GAME STRUCTURE & TIMING

📊 Time Management Summary

Key Time Management Principles

Element Standard Official Responsibility
Match Duration 2 × 20 min Timekeeper + Referee
Halftime 10 minutes Timekeeper
Timeouts 2 per half (60s each) Referee grants, timekeeper tracks
Overtime 5 min (sudden victory) Referee + Timekeeper
Warmup 10 min shared Referee monitors
✅ Best Practices
  • Always use visible scoreboard with clock
  • Announce time warnings (5 min, 2 min, 1 min remaining)
  • Keep detailed time log for tournament records
  • Communicate clearly with timekeeper throughout match
  • Document any unusual time situations in match report
TOPIC 2: TEAM COMPOSITION & ROLES

👥 Team Size & Roster Requirements

Official Team Roster

Category Minimum Maximum Notes
Players on Court 6 6 Required to start/continue play
Game Roster 6 12 Can include substitutes
Season Roster 8 18 League/tournament specific
🚨 Minimum Player Rule
  • Team must have minimum 4 eligible players to continue play
  • If team drops below 4 (ejections, injuries with no subs), automatic forfeit
  • Team may start with 6 but continue with 5 (due to injury/ejection)

Roster Submission

  • Roster must be submitted 30 minutes before match start
  • Starting 6 identified on match sheet
  • All players must be listed - no late additions after submission
  • Player numbers must match uniform numbers
TOPIC 2: TEAM COMPOSITION & ROLES

🎯 Player Positions & Roles

Standard 6-Player Formation

Position Location Primary Responsibilities
Target Guard (TG) Front Center Protect TARGGET, initiate offense
Wings (W) Front Left/Right Ball movement, shooting, defense
Midfielders (M) Mid Left/Right Transition, support, versatility
Sweeper (S) Back Center Last line defense, long passes
ℹ️ Position Flexibility

Unlike some sports, Raqball does NOT require fixed positions. Players may rotate freely during play, but teams typically maintain general formation for tactical reasons.

Position Rotation

  • Teams may rotate positions at any stoppage of play
  • No notification to referee required for position changes
  • Common strategy: rotate after each TARGGET attempt
TOPIC 2: TEAM COMPOSITION & ROLES

👨‍✈️ Team Captain Responsibilities

Captain Designation

  • Each team must designate ONE on-court captain
  • Captain identified with armband or "C" on uniform
  • If captain is substituted out, vice-captain takes over
  • Must be identified on match sheet before game starts

Captain Authorities

ONLY the team captain may:

  • Request timeout from referee
  • Question referee decisions (respectfully)
  • Request official review (if available)
  • Receive official warnings on behalf of team
  • Participate in coin toss
  • Sign match sheet at conclusion
⚠️ Captain Conduct

Captains are held to HIGHER standard of conduct:

  • Must control team behavior
  • Yellow card to captain = warning to entire team
  • Captain ejection may result in additional team penalties
  • Responsible for ensuring teammates respect officials

Communication with Referee

  • Captain should approach referee during stoppages only
  • Questions must be respectful and brief
  • Arguing calls = yellow card (even for captain)
  • Referee may call captain aside for team warnings
TOPIC 2: TEAM COMPOSITION & ROLES

🔄 Substitution Rules

Substitution Limits

Match Type Substitutions Allowed Re-Entry
Standard Match Unlimited Yes - unlimited
Tournament Match 6 per half Yes - counts as substitution
Championship 3 per period No - one-way subs only

Substitution Procedures

  1. Request: Coach or captain signals to referee during stoppage
  2. Approval: Referee acknowledges with whistle/hand signal
  3. Entry: Substitute enters at center line ONLY
  4. Exit: Player being replaced leaves court immediately
  5. Recording: Scorekeeper records substitution with time
⚠️ Illegal Substitution Penalties
  • Entering without referee approval: Yellow card
  • Too many players on court: Technical foul + possession to opponent
  • Substitute entering from wrong location: Warning (first), yellow (repeat)

Injury Substitutions

  • Injured player must leave court for at least 2 minutes
  • Referee may require medical evaluation before re-entry
  • Blood injury: Must leave court, wound covered before return
  • Concussion protocol: Player may NOT return same match
TOPIC 2: TEAM COMPOSITION & ROLES

🗣️ Coaching & Bench Conduct

Bench Personnel

Maximum bench personnel allowed:

  • 1 Head Coach
  • 2 Assistant Coaches
  • 1 Team Manager
  • 1 Medical Staff (trainer/physio)
  • 6 Substitute Players (max)
  • Total Maximum: 11 bench personnel
📝 Bench Registration

All bench personnel must be:

  • Listed on match sheet before game
  • Wearing official credentials/passes
  • Seated in designated bench area only

Coaching During Play

  • Coach may give instructions from bench area during play
  • Coach may NOT enter court without referee permission
  • Coach may approach scorer's table during timeouts only
  • Excessive coaching = warning, then technical foul

Bench Discipline

🚨 Bench Penalties
  • Yellow Card: Warning for dissent or misconduct
  • Red Card: Ejection from bench area (may watch from stands)
  • Match Ejection: Must leave facility entirely (serious misconduct)

Note: Coach ejection does NOT reduce number of players on court

TOPIC 2: TEAM COMPOSITION & ROLES

👕 Uniform & Equipment Requirements

Required Uniform Components

  • Jersey: Numbered (1-99), matching team colors
  • Shorts/Pants: Matching color, appropriate length
  • Socks: Matching color (knee-high or ankle)
  • Shoes: Non-marking athletic shoes (no metal spikes)
🔢 Number Requirements
  • Numbers must be 1-99 (no 0 or 00)
  • Numbers must be at least 6 inches tall (back), 4 inches (front)
  • Each player must have unique number
  • Numbers must match roster sheet

Prohibited Items

  • Jewelry (necklaces, bracelets, earrings) - must be removed or taped
  • Hard casts or braces without padding
  • Headwear with hard/protruding objects
  • Clothing with offensive language/images

Equipment Inspection

Referee inspects before match:

  • All players in proper uniform
  • Numbers visible and correct
  • No prohibited equipment
  • Proper footwear (non-marking soles)
👔 Goalkeepers/Target Guards

Target Guards must wear contrasting color jersey (different from both teams and referee).

TOPIC 2: TEAM COMPOSITION & ROLES

✅ Player Eligibility

Eligibility Requirements

To be eligible for a match, a player must:

  • Be registered with team/league before roster deadline
  • Be listed on match sheet
  • Not be serving suspension from previous match
  • Meet age requirements for division
  • Have valid medical clearance (if required by league)
  • Not be registered with another team in same competition
🚫 Ineligible Player Consequences

Playing an ineligible player results in:

  • Automatic Forfeit: 0-10 loss regardless of actual score
  • Team Fine: Amount determined by league/federation
  • Point Deduction: Possible standings penalty
  • Coach Suspension: 1-3 matches depending on severity

Player Verification

Referees and tournament officials may:

  • Request photo ID from any player
  • Compare roster to league registration database
  • Investigate eligibility challenges before or during match
  • Remove player from match pending investigation

Protest Procedures

  • Team may protest player eligibility before or during match
  • Protest must be filed with referee in writing
  • Match continues under protest while investigated
  • Decision final within 72 hours of match completion
TOPIC 2: TEAM COMPOSITION & ROLES

📊 Team Composition Summary

Quick Reference: Team Requirements

Element Requirement Penalty for Violation
Players on Court 6 (min 4 to continue) Forfeit if below 4
Game Roster 6-12 players Cannot add after submission
Team Captain 1 identified captain Match cannot start
Uniform Numbers 1-99, unique, visible Player cannot participate
Substitutions At center line, ref approval Yellow card
Bench Personnel Max 11 total Ejection of excess personnel
✅ Best Practices for Team Management
  • Submit accurate rosters 30+ minutes before match
  • Bring extra jerseys in case of number conflicts
  • Designate clear captain and vice-captain
  • Brief all bench personnel on conduct expectations
  • Maintain eligibility documentation for all players
  • Keep substitution tracking sheet for your records
TOPIC 3: FOULS, PENALTIES & DISCIPLINE

⚠️ Foul Classification System

Three Categories of Fouls

Foul Type Severity Consequence Examples
Minor Foul Low Possession change Double drib'up, traveling, out of bounds
Major Foul Medium Free position + possession Illegal contact, obstruction, delay of game
Severe Foul High Card + free position/penalty Dangerous play, fighting, abuse of official
📋 Referee Decision Factors

When classifying a foul, referees consider:

  • Intent: Accidental vs. deliberate
  • Impact: Effect on play and player safety
  • Location: Where foul occurred (defensive third, near TARGGET, etc.)
  • Advantage: Whether fouled team gained/lost advantage
  • Repetition: First offense vs. pattern of behavior
TOPIC 3: FOULS, PENALTIES & DISCIPLINE

⚪ Common Minor Fouls

Ball Handling Violations

  • Double Drib'up: Bouncing ball on ground more than once per possession
  • Carrying: Palming or holding ball instead of dribbling
  • Travel: Taking more than 2 steps without dribbling or passing
  • 5-Second Violation: Holding ball without advancing for 5+ seconds

Boundary Violations

  • Out of Bounds: Player or ball touching line or going outside court
  • Line Violation: Stepping on line during throw-in or TARGGET attempt
  • Backcourt: Returning ball to defensive half after crossing midline (in some leagues)
Penalty: Change of Possession

All minor fouls result in:

  • Opponent receives possession
  • Ball put in play from nearest sideline or baseline
  • Defenders must be 1 meter away from inbound spot

Other Minor Violations

  • Illegal Substitution: Entering court without referee approval (first offense)
  • Uniform Violation: Untucked jersey, missing number (correctable)
  • Equipment Violation: Using wrong ball, damaged equipment
TOPIC 3: FOULS, PENALTIES & DISCIPLINE

🟡 Major Fouls & Contact Rules

Illegal Contact Fouls

Raqball is a limited-contact sport. The following contact is illegal:

  • Pushing: Using hands to push opponent
  • Holding: Grabbing or holding opponent's body or clothing
  • Charging: Running into stationary defender
  • Blocking: Illegal use of body to impede opponent's movement
  • Tripping: Using leg/foot to trip opponent
  • Hand Check: Repeatedly touching opponent with hands during defense
⚖️ Incidental Contact

Not all contact is a foul. Referees allow incidental contact that:

  • Does not affect play or player movement
  • Occurs during legitimate attempt to play ball
  • Is minor and not repetitive

Obstruction Fouls

  • TARGGET Interference: Illegally defending TARGGET zone
  • Pick/Screen Violation: Illegal moving screen or pick
  • Path Obstruction: Blocking legal path without playing ball

Penalty: Free Position

Major fouls result in:

  • Opponent receives free position at spot of foul (or nearest allowable spot)
  • Defenders must be 3 meters away
  • Play resumes on referee whistle
  • If foul prevents clear scoring opportunity → TARGGET attempt awarded
TOPIC 3: FOULS, PENALTIES & DISCIPLINE

🟨 Yellow Card Offenses

Yellow Card = Official Warning

A yellow card is issued for:

  • Unsporting Behavior: Arguing, dissent, gestures toward referee
  • Persistent Minor Fouls: Repeated violations after warnings
  • Delay of Game: Intentionally delaying restart, wasting time
  • Illegal Entry/Exit: Entering court without permission
  • Excessive Celebration: Taunting opponents, inappropriate celebration
  • Tactical Foul: Deliberate foul to stop advantage
  • Failure to Respect Distance: Not maintaining required distance from ball
⚠️ Yellow Card Consequences
  • Player receives official warning (recorded on match sheet)
  • Opponent receives free position or TARGGET attempt
  • Player remains in game (not ejected)
  • Two yellow cards = automatic red card (ejection)

Yellow Card Procedure

  1. Referee stops play with whistle
  2. Referee displays yellow card to offending player
  3. Referee explains offense to player/captain
  4. Scorekeeper records yellow card with time and offense
  5. Play resumes with appropriate restart
📊 Card Accumulation

In tournament/league play:

  • Yellow cards may accumulate across matches
  • Typical: 3 yellows in tournament = 1-match suspension
  • Yellow cards usually reset after tournament/season
TOPIC 3: FOULS, PENALTIES & DISCIPLINE

🟥 Red Card Offenses & Ejection

Red Card = Immediate Ejection

A red card is issued for:

  • Violent Conduct: Striking, kicking, spitting at opponent/official
  • Serious Foul Play: Reckless or dangerous tackle/contact
  • Offensive Language/Gestures: Abusive, insulting, or threatening language
  • Second Yellow Card: Receiving two yellow cards in same match
  • Denying Obvious Goal: Illegally preventing certain TARGGET score
  • Threatening Behavior: Physical intimidation of player/official
  • Leaving Bench During Altercation: Bench player entering court during fight
🚨 Red Card Consequences
  • Immediate Ejection: Player must leave court AND facility
  • No Replacement: Team plays with one fewer player (or substitutes)
  • Automatic Suspension: Minimum 1 match (often more)
  • Disciplinary Hearing: May face further sanctions from league/federation
  • Opponent Penalty: Opponent receives TARGGET attempt

Red Card Procedure

  1. Referee stops play immediately
  2. Referee displays red card to offending player
  3. Referee explains ejection to team captain
  4. Ejected player must leave court within 60 seconds
  5. Ejected player may NOT sit on bench or in spectator area (must leave facility)
  6. Referee completes detailed incident report after match

Match Abandonment

If a team receives 3+ red cards in single match → automatic forfeit

TOPIC 3: FOULS, PENALTIES & DISCIPLINE

🎯 TARGGET Zone Violations

TARGGET Protection Rules

The TARGGET zone (3-meter semicircle) has special protection rules:

🚫 Defensive Violations
  • Goaltending: Interfering with ball after it's released toward TARGGET
  • Zone Camping: Defender staying in TARGGET zone for 3+ seconds without actively defending
  • Illegal Positioning: More than 2 defenders in TARGGET zone simultaneously
  • TARGGET Manipulation: Moving, tilting, or touching TARGGET structure
🚫 Offensive Violations
  • Charging into Zone: Offensive player running into TARGGET zone with defender present
  • TARGGET Hanging: Grabbing TARGGET for support or celebration
  • Illegal TARGGET Attempt: Attempting TARGGET from inside zone (must be outside arc)

Penalties

Violation Penalty
Defensive goaltending Automatic TARGGET awarded (3 points)
Offensive TARGGET interference No points awarded, possession change
Zone camping (defensive) Free TARGGET attempt for opponent
Too many defenders in zone Free position at arc, 3 meters from TARGGET
TOPIC 3: FOULS, PENALTIES & DISCIPLINE

⚖️ Penalty Enforcement Procedures

Advantage Rule

Referees may allow play to continue after a foul if:

  • Fouled team maintains possession and advantage
  • Stopping play would benefit the fouling team
  • Scoring opportunity is developing
🙌 Referee Signals "Advantage"

When playing advantage, referee:

  • Extends both arms forward
  • Shouts "Advantage! Play on!"
  • May blow delayed whistle if advantage doesn't materialize (within 3-5 seconds)

Free Position Procedures

  1. Ball Placement: Referee places ball at spot of foul
  2. Defender Distance: All defenders must be 3 meters away
  3. Player Ready: Fouled team player takes position with ball
  4. Referee Signal: Whistle indicates play may resume
  5. 5-Second Limit: Ball must be put in play within 5 seconds of whistle

TARGGET Penalty Attempt

Awarded for major fouls that prevent scoring opportunity:

  • Taken from center of TARGGET arc (6 meters from TARGGET)
  • No defenders allowed within TARGGET zone
  • Shooter has 5 seconds from whistle
  • If successful: 3 points + possession
  • If missed: Play resumes with possession to shooter's team from TARGGET arc
⚠️ Unsporting Penalty Attempts

If fouled player is injured and cannot take penalty:

  • Any teammate may take attempt
  • Injured player may return to game if cleared by medical staff
TOPIC 3: FOULS, PENALTIES & DISCIPLINE

📊 Fouls & Discipline Summary

Quick Reference: Foul Consequences

Offense Card In-Game Penalty Suspension
Minor foul (travel, double drib'up) None Possession change No
Major foul (illegal contact) None Free position No
Unsporting behavior Yellow Free position/TARGGET No (unless 2nd yellow)
Second yellow card Red Ejection + TARGGET attempt Yes (1+ matches)
Violent conduct Red Ejection + TARGGET attempt Yes (2+ matches)
Abuse of official Red Ejection + TARGGET attempt Yes (2+ matches)
✅ Best Practices for Match Officials
  • Issue early verbal warnings to prevent escalation
  • Be consistent with foul calls throughout match
  • Explain cards clearly to captains
  • Document all cards with time and description
  • Use advantage when appropriate to maintain flow
  • Manage game tempo to prevent excessive physicality
  • Complete detailed incident reports for all red cards
TOPIC 4: SCORING SYSTEM & TARGGET

📊 Raqball Scoring System

Point Values

Scoring Method Points Requirements
TARGGET Hit 3 points Ball hits TARGGET disc cleanly
Ground Goal 1 point Ball bounces in opponent's court after legal play
Penalty TARGGET 3 points Awarded for major foul, taken from arc
🎯 TARGGET Specifications
  • Height: 2.5 meters (8.2 feet) from ground to center of disc
  • Disc Diameter: 30 cm (11.8 inches)
  • Arc Distance: 6 meters (19.7 feet) from TARGGET center
  • TARGGET Zone: 3-meter semicircle around TARGGET

Scoring Zones

  • Inside Arc (< 6m): TARGGET attempts worth 3 points
  • Outside Arc (> 6m): Long-range TARGGET attempts still worth 3 points
  • Anywhere on Court: Ground goals worth 1 point
✅ Valid Score Requirements

For a score to count:

  • Ball must be in play (not out of bounds)
  • Shooter must be legal (in bounds, not fouling)
  • Clock must be running (or buzzer beating shot)
  • Referee must signal score (point to scorekeeper)
TOPIC 4: SCORING SYSTEM & TARGGET

🎯 TARGGET Hit Mechanics

Valid TARGGET Hit

A TARGGET hit scores 3 points when:

  • Ball makes contact with any part of TARGGET disc
  • Hit produces audible "ping" sound
  • Ball was thrown (not kicked or headed)
  • Shooter was in bounds when releasing ball
  • No defensive goaltending occurred
⚠️ TARGGET Hit Challenges

Referee determines valid hit. In unclear situations:

  • Sound is primary indicator (distinct "ping")
  • Ball deflection is secondary (changes direction sharply)
  • If no clear sound/deflection → no goal
  • Referee decision is final (no video review unless system available)

Rim/Edge Hits

  • Disc Edge: If ball contacts outer edge of disc → Valid hit (3 points)
  • Mounting Bracket: If ball hits only bracket/pole → No goal (play continues)
  • Partial Contact: Any disc contact (even grazing edge) → Valid hit

Possession After TARGGET

Outcome Possession
TARGGET Hit (goal) Scoring team keeps possession from center court
TARGGET Miss (ball in play) Either team may recover rebound
TARGGET Miss (ball out of bounds) Opponent's ball from sideline
TOPIC 4: SCORING SYSTEM & TARGGET

⚡ Ground Goal Scoring (1Ground)

1Ground Mechanics

A ground goal (1 point) occurs when:

  • Ball is thrown/hit into opponent's court
  • Ball bounces in opponent's court
  • Opponent cannot return ball before second bounce
  • Ball remains in bounds throughout sequence
✅ Valid 1Ground Examples
  • Ball bounces once in opponent court, goes out of bounds
  • Ball bounces once, opponent fails to catch/return before second bounce
  • Ball bounces once, hits opponent's body on bounce (not caught cleanly)
❌ Invalid 1Ground (No Point)
  • Ball bounces in own court before crossing (turnover, not score)
  • Ball goes out of bounds before bouncing in opponent court
  • Opponent catches ball before it bounces
  • Offensive player stepped out of bounds before releasing ball

Possession After 1Ground

  • Scoring team keeps possession
  • Ball returned to play from center court
  • Defenders must be 3 meters from center line
  • 5-second rule applies to restart

Strategic Use

1Ground is effective for:

  • Quick points when TARGGET is heavily defended
  • Maintaining possession (score + keep ball)
  • Exploiting defensive positioning
  • Running out clock with lead (score + possession)
TOPIC 4: SCORING SYSTEM & TARGGET

🎯 Penalty TARGGET Procedures

When Awarded

Penalty TARGGET (free TARGGET attempt) is awarded for:

  • Major foul that prevents clear scoring opportunity
  • Yellow or red card offense
  • Defensive goaltending (automatic 3 points instead)
  • TARGGET zone violations by defense
  • Intentional foul near TARGGET

Setup Procedures

  1. Ball Placement: Referee places ball at center of TARGGET arc
  2. Clear Zone: All players except shooter must be outside TARGGET zone (3m)
  3. Shooter Selection: Fouled player takes attempt (or any teammate if injured)
  4. Timeout Allowed: Fouled team may call timeout before attempt
  5. Referee Ready: Whistle signals shooter may proceed
⏱️ 5-Second Rule
  • Shooter has 5 seconds from referee whistle to release ball
  • Violation: No points, possession to defending team
  • Clock stops during penalty TARGGET setup

Outcomes

Result Points Possession
TARGGET Hit 3 points Scoring team (center court)
Miss (ball recoverable) 0 points Shooting team (from arc)
Miss (out of bounds) 0 points Defending team (from sideline)
5-second violation 0 points Defending team (from arc)
TOPIC 4: SCORING SYSTEM & TARGGET

📝 Scorekeeping Requirements

Official Scoresheet

The scorekeeper must record:

  • Running Score: Update immediately after each score
  • Score Type: Note whether TARGGET (3) or 1Ground (1)
  • Scoring Player: Record player number who scored
  • Time of Score: Game clock time when scored
  • Fouls: All fouls with player number and time
  • Cards: Yellow/red cards with offense description
  • Timeouts: Team timeouts with time taken
  • Substitutions: Player in/out with time
📊 Scoreboard Requirements

Official scoreboard must display:

  • Score for both teams
  • Game clock (time remaining)
  • Period (1st half, 2nd half, OT)
  • Timeouts remaining for each team
  • Team fouls (if applicable)

Score Confirmation

  • Referee signals each score to scorekeeper
  • Scorekeeper acknowledges with horn/buzzer
  • Scoreboard updated within 5 seconds
  • Teams may challenge score discrepancy during next stoppage

Final Score Procedures

  1. Referee signals end of match
  2. Scorekeeper confirms final score with referee
  3. Both team captains verify and sign scoresheet
  4. Referee signs scoresheet within 10 minutes
  5. Scoresheet submitted to tournament director/league office
TOPIC 4: SCORING SYSTEM & TARGGET

⏰ Buzzer Beater & Clock Rules

End-of-Period Scoring

A score counts at the end of a period if:

  • Ball is released from player's hand BEFORE buzzer sounds
  • Ball is in flight when time expires
  • Ball hits TARGGET or bounces in court (1Ground) after buzzer
⚠️ Referee Judgment

Determining buzzer beaters:

  • Referee watches player's release in relation to clock/buzzer
  • If released before buzzer → score counts (even if lands after)
  • If released after buzzer → no score
  • Video review may be used if available
  • Referee decision is final without video evidence

Clock Operator Responsibilities

  • Start Clock: Exactly when referee whistles play to begin
  • Stop Clock: Immediately when referee whistles stoppage
  • End-of-Period: Sound buzzer at 0.0 seconds
  • Malfunction: Notify referee immediately, use backup timing

Common Clock Scenarios

Scenario Clock Status Outcome
TARGGET shot released at 0.1 sec Ball in air when buzzer sounds Score counts if successful
Ball caught at 0.0 sec Period ended No further play allowed
Foul committed at 0.0 sec Period technically over Penalty enforced at start of next period
TOPIC 4: SCORING SYSTEM & TARGGET

📊 Scoring System Summary

Quick Reference: All Scoring Methods

Scoring Method Points Key Requirements Possession After
TARGGET Hit 3 Ball contacts disc, audible ping Scoring team (center court)
1Ground 1 Ball bounces in opponent court Scoring team (center court)
Penalty TARGGET 3 Free shot from arc, no defense Scoring team (if successful)
Defensive Goaltending 3 Automatic (referee awards) Scoring team (center court)
✅ Scoring Best Practices
  • For Referees: Signal all scores clearly to scorekeeper, confirm scoreboard update
  • For Scorekeepers: Maintain detailed running log, double-check math after each score
  • For Teams: Designate player to track score independently, challenge discrepancies immediately
  • For Tournament Directors: Ensure scoreboard visible from all benches, backup timing system available
📊 Typical Match Scores

Average competitive match scores:

  • Low-Scoring: 15-20 points (defensive, slow tempo)
  • Average: 25-35 points (balanced play)
  • High-Scoring: 40+ points (offensive, fast tempo)
TOPIC 5: PLAYER ACTIONS & MOVEMENT

🚫 No-Zone Distance Requirements

What is the No-Zone?

The "no-zone" refers to the minimum distance defenders must maintain from offensive players in certain situations:

Situation Required Distance Penalty
Free position (after foul) 3 meters Re-take, potential card
Throw-in (out of bounds) 1 meter Warning, then yellow card
Penalty TARGGET attempt Outside TARGGET zone (3m) Retake + yellow card
Center court restart 3 meters from center line Warning, then delay of game
⚠️ No-Zone Violations

If defender encroaches on no-zone:

  • First offense: Verbal warning from referee
  • Second offense: Yellow card for encroachment
  • Deliberate encroachment: Immediate yellow card (no warning)
  • If encroachment affects play: Replay with additional distance penalty

Measuring Distance

  • Referee visually estimates distance (exact measurement not required)
  • Defenders responsible for creating proper distance
  • When in doubt, err on side of more distance
  • Referees may mark distance with foot or cone in critical situations
TOPIC 5: PLAYER ACTIONS & MOVEMENT

👟 Legal Player Movement

Movement With Ball

✅ LEGAL Movement
  • Up to 2 steps without dribbling (catch-and-step)
  • 1 drib'up (bounce) allowed per possession
  • Unlimited steps while dribbling
  • Pivot on one foot while holding ball
  • Jump off one foot and land on same foot (hop)
❌ ILLEGAL Movement (Traveling)
  • More than 2 steps without dribbling
  • Dribbling (bouncing) ball more than once
  • Lifting pivot foot before releasing ball
  • Dragging or sliding pivot foot
  • Taking step after catching own dribble

Movement Without Ball

Players without ball may:

  • Run freely anywhere on court
  • Cut, dodge, and change direction
  • Set screens for teammates (must be stationary)
  • Move to receive pass
  • Position for rebound or defensive assignment

Illegal Movement Penalty

  • Traveling violation = turnover (possession to opponent)
  • Ball awarded to opponent at nearest sideline
  • No card typically issued (minor foul)
TOPIC 5: PLAYER ACTIONS & MOVEMENT

📏 Boundary Rules & Out of Bounds

Court Boundaries

A player or ball is out of bounds when:

  • Player touches boundary line (line is OUT)
  • Player touches ground outside court
  • Ball touches line or goes beyond line
  • Ball touches ceiling, overhead obstruction, or wall (if indoor)
⚡ Important Boundary Principles
  • Lines are OUT: Any contact with line = out of bounds
  • Airspace is IN: Player may jump from inbounds and pass/shoot while in air
  • Last Touch: Team that last touched ball before going out loses possession
  • Player vs Ball: Player can be out of bounds while ball stays in (but cannot touch ball while OB)

Out of Bounds Scenarios

Scenario Ruling
Player catches ball while stepping on line Out of bounds - opponent's ball
Player jumps from inbounds, passes while in air, lands out Legal play if pass completed before landing
Ball hits player's foot and goes out Out on that player's team - opponent's ball
Simultaneous touch by both teams Jump ball or possession arrow (league specific)

Throw-In Procedure

  1. Team awarded possession takes ball at nearest point where ball went out
  2. Player must keep both feet out of bounds during throw-in
  3. Opponents must be 1 meter away
  4. Player has 5 seconds to inbound ball
  5. Stepping on line during throw-in = violation (re-do or turnover)
TOPIC 5: PLAYER ACTIONS & MOVEMENT

🛡️ Screening & Picking Rules

Legal Screen Requirements

A screen (or pick) is legal when:

  • Screener is stationary (both feet planted) when contact occurs
  • Screener establishes position with enough time/distance for defender to avoid
  • Screener does not move into defender's path while defender is moving
  • Screener keeps arms close to body (no extending arms/legs)
  • Screen is set outside defender's peripheral vision: 1-step distance required
  • Screen is within defender's vision: contact distance OK
✅ Legal Screen Examples
  • Offensive player stands still, defender runs into them
  • Setting pick 2 steps away from defender's back
  • Standing in defender's path (if defender can see screener)
❌ Illegal Screen (Moving Pick)
  • Moving into defender's path while defender is moving
  • Extending arms or legs to increase screening area
  • Leaning into defender during screen
  • Setting blind screen too close (less than 1 step behind defender)
  • Sliding/stepping into defender after screen is set

Penalties

  • Illegal screen: Offensive foul, possession to defense
  • Repeated illegal screens: Warning → yellow card
  • Dangerous screen (reckless): Yellow card + free position

Defender's Rights

Defenders may:

  • Go over, under, or around legal screens
  • Switch defensive assignments on screens
  • NOT push through screener (defensive foul)
TOPIC 5: PLAYER ACTIONS & MOVEMENT

🛑 Charging & Blocking Fouls

Charging Foul (Offensive)

An offensive charging foul occurs when:

  • Offensive player with ball runs into stationary defender
  • Defender has legal defensive position established
  • Offensive player initiates contact
  • Contact is significant (not incidental)
🛡️ Legal Defensive Position

Defender establishes legal position when:

  • Both feet on ground
  • Facing offensive player
  • Torso directly in offensive player's path
  • Position established BEFORE offensive player begins upward motion (if jumping)

Blocking Foul (Defensive)

A defensive blocking foul occurs when:

  • Defender moves into offensive player's path after player is in motion
  • Defender does not establish legal position in time
  • Defender slides under airborne offensive player
  • Defender extends arms/body to block without legal position

Charge vs Block: The Key Difference

Factor Charge (Offensive Foul) Block (Defensive Foul)
Defender's Position Established (stationary) Moving/late
Who Initiates Contact Offensive player Defensive player
Penalty Turnover to defense Free position to offense
⚖️ Referee Judgment Call

Charge vs block is one of the most challenging calls. Referees consider timing, position, and who initiated contact. When unclear, benefit often goes to defense (no-call).

TOPIC 5: PLAYER ACTIONS & MOVEMENT

🤝 Contact Rules Summary

Raqball Contact Philosophy

Raqball is a limited-contact sport:

  • Incidental contact is allowed and expected
  • Contact that affects play or player safety is penalized
  • Deliberate or excessive contact is never permitted
✅ ALLOWED Contact
  • Incidental contact during legal defensive positioning
  • Shoulder-to-shoulder contact when both players going for ball
  • Hand/arm contact during legal screen (screener stationary)
  • Minor bumping when both players have equal right to position
❌ PROHIBITED Contact
  • Pushing with hands or body
  • Holding opponent's body or clothing
  • Tripping or leg contact
  • Charging into stationary opponent
  • Blocking opponent's path illegally
  • Hand-checking (repeatedly touching with hands)
  • Contact to head or neck
  • Any violent or reckless contact

Contact Foul Hierarchy

Severity Examples Penalty
Incidental Minor bump, brush Play on (no call)
Minor Contact Light push, hand-check Possession change or free position
Major Contact Hard push, holding, charging Free position, possible yellow card
Dangerous Contact Head contact, reckless play Yellow or red card, free TARGGET
Violent Conduct Striking, fighting Red card, ejection, suspension
TOPIC 5: PLAYER ACTIONS & MOVEMENT

📊 Player Actions & Movement Summary

Key Movement Principles

Principle Rule Violation Penalty
Steps with Ball Max 2 steps without dribbling Traveling - turnover
Drib'up 1 bounce per possession Double drib'up - turnover
No-Zone Distance 1-3 meters depending on situation Warning/yellow card, replay
Boundary Lines Lines are OUT of bounds Turnover to opponent
Screens Must be stationary Illegal screen - turnover
Charging Cannot run into stationary defender Offensive foul - turnover
✅ Best Practices for Officials
  • Consistency: Call movement violations equally for both teams
  • Communication: Explain violations clearly to players
  • Advantage: Allow play to continue if violation doesn't affect play
  • Safety First: Prioritize player safety over flow of game
  • Positioning: Position yourself to see contact from proper angle
  • Context: Consider game flow and competitive level when calling contact
TOPIC 6: EQUIPMENT & COURT SPECIFICATIONS

📐 Official Court Dimensions

Standard Raqball Court

Measurement Dimension Tolerance
Court Length 30 meters (98.4 feet) ±5 cm
Court Width 15 meters (49.2 feet) ±5 cm
Center Line 15 meters from each baseline ±2 cm
TARGGET Zone Radius 3 meters (semicircle) ±2 cm
TARGGET Arc Radius 6 meters from TARGGET center ±2 cm
📏 Line Width Specifications
  • Boundary Lines: 5 cm (2 inches) wide
  • Center Line: 5 cm (2 inches) wide
  • TARGGET Zone/Arc: 5 cm (2 inches) wide
  • Color: White or high-contrast to court surface
  • Material: Durable, non-slip paint or tape

Court Layout Features

  • Two TARGGET Zones: One at each end (3m radius semicircle)
  • Two TARGGET Arcs: One at each end (6m radius)
  • Center Circle: 2m radius for opening possession (optional)
  • Substitution Boxes: 2m × 1m at center line on sidelines
TOPIC 6: EQUIPMENT & COURT SPECIFICATIONS

🎯 TARGGET Equipment Specifications

Official TARGGET Dimensions

Component Specification Requirement
Disc Diameter 30 cm (11.8 inches) ±1 cm tolerance
Height (center of disc) 2.5 meters (8.2 feet) ±2 cm tolerance
Disc Material Metal (aluminum or steel) Resonant for audible ping
Disc Thickness 2-3 mm Sufficient for durability
Mounting Post 5 cm diameter Stable, padded base
🔧 TARGGET Setup Requirements
  • Positioning: Centered on baseline, 0.5m from back boundary
  • Stability: Must withstand ball impact without moving/tilting
  • Safety: Padded base to prevent injury if player collides
  • Sound: Must produce clear, audible "ping" when hit
  • Visibility: Disc should be high-visibility color (often orange/red)

Pre-Match TARGGET Inspection

Referee must check before match:

  • Correct height (2.5m) - use measuring stick
  • Disc is secure and not loose/wobbly
  • Disc produces clear sound when tapped
  • No damage or dents that could affect hits
  • Base is stable and padded
  • Both TARGGETs are identical in specifications
⚠️ Equipment Failure During Match

If TARGGET becomes damaged or unstable during play:

  • Referee immediately stops play
  • Match suspended until TARGGET repaired/replaced
  • If cannot be fixed: Match postponed or moved to another court
TOPIC 6: EQUIPMENT & COURT SPECIFICATIONS

⚽ Official Ball Specifications

Raqball Official Ball

Specification Requirement Tolerance
Size Circumference: 68-70 cm Standard size 5 ball
Weight 410-450 grams ±5 grams
Pressure 0.6-0.7 bar (8.5-10 psi) Slightly lower than soccer
Material Leather or synthetic Water-resistant, durable
Color High-visibility (orange, yellow, white) Must contrast with court
🏐 Ball Requirements for Official Matches
  • Quantity: Minimum 3 official match balls required
  • Certification: Must be IRBF/Raqball USA approved
  • Condition: No visible damage, proper inflation
  • Backup Balls: Ball boys/retrievers positioned at sidelines

Pre-Match Ball Inspection

Referee must verify:

  • Pressure Test: Squeeze ball - should have firm but slight give
  • Bounce Test: Drop from 2m height - should bounce 1.2-1.4m
  • Visual Inspection: No tears, excessive wear, or damage
  • Weight Check: Use scale if available (410-450g)
  • Team Approval: Both captains may inspect and approve balls

Ball Replacement During Match

  • Referee may replace ball if damaged during play
  • Ball must be replaced if deflated or torn
  • Teams may request ball replacement if significantly different pressure
  • Replacement ball must be same brand and model
TOPIC 6: EQUIPMENT & COURT SPECIFICATIONS

🏟️ Court Surface & Safety Requirements

Approved Court Surfaces

Surface Type Best For Requirements
Hardwood Indoor competitive Smooth, clean, proper finish
Synthetic Sport Floor Indoor multi-purpose Non-slip, shock-absorbing
Rubberized Surface Outdoor courts Weather-resistant, non-slip
Concrete (sealed) Outdoor recreational Smooth finish, painted lines
🚫 Prohibited Surfaces
  • Grass or turf (uneven bounce)
  • Gravel or dirt (unsafe, inconsistent)
  • Wet or slippery surfaces
  • Surfaces with cracks, holes, or significant damage

Safety Requirements

  • Clear Zone: Minimum 2 meters clear space around court boundaries
  • Ceiling Height: Minimum 7 meters (indoor courts)
  • Lighting: Minimum 500 lux uniformly across court
  • Obstacles: No poles, walls, or obstructions within clear zone
  • Spectator Barriers: Minimum 3 meters from sidelines

Court Inspection Checklist

Referee inspects before match:

  • ✅ Surface clean, dry, and free of debris
  • ✅ Lines clearly visible and properly marked
  • ✅ No wet spots, spills, or hazards
  • ✅ Clear zones free of equipment or obstacles
  • ✅ Adequate lighting throughout court
  • ✅ Scoreboard and clock functional
⚠️ Match Postponement

Match may be postponed if court conditions are unsafe or do not meet specifications. Referee has final authority on court playability.

TOPIC 6: EQUIPMENT & COURT SPECIFICATIONS

📋 Essential Match Equipment

Required Equipment for Official Match

Equipment Quantity Purpose
Official Raqballs 3 minimum Match play and backups
TARGGETs (with stands) 2 Scoring targets at each end
Scoreboard with clock 1 Display score and time
Referee whistle 2 Main referee + backup
Yellow cards 2 Warnings
Red cards 2 Ejections
Match sheet/scoresheet 2 copies Official record
Measuring tape 1 Verify dimensions if needed
Ball pump & pressure gauge 1 Ball maintenance
First aid kit 1 Medical emergencies
📱 Optional (Recommended) Equipment
  • Portable scorekeeper system/laptop
  • Video recording system
  • Backup timing system (stopwatch)
  • Communication system (referee to scorekeeper)
  • Team benches with seating for 12
  • Water/hydration station
  • Ball retrieval carts

Referee Equipment

Each referee must have:

  • Whistle (with backup)
  • Yellow and red cards
  • Coin for coin toss
  • Watch/stopwatch (backup timing)
  • Pen and notepad
  • Official uniform (distinctive from both teams)
TOPIC 6: EQUIPMENT & COURT SPECIFICATIONS

👕 Team Uniform Standards

Required Uniform Components

  • Jersey: Matching team color with visible number (1-99)
  • Shorts/Pants: Matching team color, appropriate fit
  • Socks: Matching color (knee-high or ankle acceptable)
  • Shoes: Athletic shoes with non-marking soles
🔢 Numbering Requirements
  • Number Range: 1-99 (no 0 or 00)
  • Front Number: Minimum 10 cm (4 inches) height
  • Back Number: Minimum 15 cm (6 inches) height
  • Color: High contrast to jersey color
  • Uniqueness: Each player must have different number
  • Roster Match: Numbers must match submitted roster

Color Requirements

Team/Role Color Requirement
Home Team Light/white jerseys
Away Team Dark jerseys
Target Guard Contrasting color (different from both teams and referee)
Referee Black/gray striped or solid (different from both teams)

Prohibited Items

  • Jewelry (earrings, necklaces, bracelets) - must be removed or taped
  • Hard casts or braces without soft padding
  • Hats or headwear with hard/protruding objects
  • Clothing with offensive language or imagery
  • Cleats with metal spikes
⚠️ Uniform Violations
  • Missing/Wrong Number: Player cannot participate until corrected
  • Color Conflict: One team must change jerseys
  • Illegal Equipment: Must be removed before play
  • Uniform Damage During Match: Player has 2 minutes to replace/fix
TOPIC 6: EQUIPMENT & COURT SPECIFICATIONS

📊 Equipment & Court Summary

Quick Reference: Critical Specifications

Element Specification Verification Method
Court Size 30m × 15m Measuring tape
TARGGET Height 2.5 meters to disc center Measuring pole
TARGGET Disc Diameter 30 cm Measuring tape
Ball Circumference 68-70 cm Measuring tape
Ball Pressure 0.6-0.7 bar Pressure gauge
Line Width 5 cm Visual inspection
Clear Zone 2 meters minimum Visual measurement
✅ Pre-Match Equipment Checklist

Use this checklist 30 minutes before match:

  • □ Court clean, dry, lines visible
  • □ Both TARGGETs at correct height, secure, audible ping
  • □ 3+ official balls inspected and approved
  • □ Scoreboard and clock functional
  • □ Referee equipment ready (whistle, cards, coin)
  • □ Team uniforms inspected (numbers, colors)
  • □ First aid kit accessible
  • □ Clear zones free of obstacles
  • □ Adequate lighting throughout court
  • □ Match sheet prepared with team rosters
TOPIC 7: ADMINISTRATIVE & PROCEDURAL

📋 Match Documentation Requirements

Official Match Sheet

The match sheet is the official record and must include:

📝 Required Information
  • Match Details: Date, time, location, competition name
  • Team Rosters: All players (numbers, names), coaches, bench personnel
  • Officials: Referee names and certification levels
  • Starting Lineups: 6 starting players for each team
  • Substitutions: All subs with player numbers and time
  • Scoring: All scores with player number, type, and time
  • Fouls & Cards: All fouls, yellow/red cards with details
  • Timeouts: Team timeouts with time taken
  • Final Score: Official result
  • Signatures: Referee, both team captains, scorekeeper

Match Sheet Timeline

  1. 30 min before: Teams submit rosters to scorekeeper
  2. 15 min before: Captains verify rosters and sign
  3. During match: Scorekeeper records all events in real-time
  4. End of match: Captains verify final score and sign
  5. Within 10 min: Referee reviews, signs, submits to tournament director

Match Sheet Errors

If error discovered after signing:

  • Both team captains must agree to correction
  • Referee must initial and date the correction
  • Corrections must be made within 1 hour of match end
  • Disputed errors referred to tournament director for final decision
TOPIC 7: ADMINISTRATIVE & PROCEDURAL

⚖️ Complaint & Protest Procedures

Types of Challenges

Type When Filed Subject
Immediate Protest During match Player eligibility, court/equipment violations
Post-Match Complaint Within 2 hours Referee decisions, rule interpretations
Formal Complaint Within 24 hours Conduct, eligibility, administrative errors

Complaint Filing Process

  1. Verbal Notice: Team captain notifies referee immediately (during match)
  2. Written Submission: Submit written complaint within specified timeframe
  3. Fee Payment: Pay protest fee (typically $50-100, refunded if upheld)
  4. Evidence: Include supporting evidence (video, witness statements)
  5. Review: League/tournament committee reviews within 72 hours
  6. Decision: Committee issues written decision with reasoning
🚫 Non-Protestable Decisions

The following CANNOT be protested:

  • Referee judgment calls (fouls, in/out, advantage)
  • Card decisions (yellow/red cards)
  • Score determinations (TARGGET hit/miss)
  • Time management decisions
✅ Protestable Issues
  • Misapplication of rules (wrong rule enforced)
  • Player eligibility (ineligible player participated)
  • Scoresheet errors (wrong score recorded)
  • Equipment violations (illegal ball, court dimensions)
  • Administrative errors (match started wrong time, etc.)
TOPIC 7: ADMINISTRATIVE & PROCEDURAL

👨‍⚖️ Match Officials & Responsibilities

Official Positions

Position Primary Responsibilities Certification Required
Head Referee Final authority, calls fouls, manages match R103+ (Regional or higher)
Assistant Referee Assists head ref, monitors sidelines R103+ recommended
Scorekeeper Maintains official scoresheet, scoreboard Training required
Timekeeper Operates game clock, signals timeouts Training required

Head Referee Authorities

The head referee has authority to:

  • Start, stop, and terminate match
  • Call fouls and issue cards
  • Interpret rules and make final decisions
  • Inspect equipment and court conditions
  • Eject players, coaches, or spectators
  • Add stoppage time
  • Postpone or abandon match for safety reasons
⚖️ Referee Decision Hierarchy
  1. On-Field Decision: Referee makes call in real-time
  2. Consultation: Referee may consult assistant if unsure
  3. Video Review: If available and permitted by league
  4. Final Call: Head referee's decision is FINAL

Referee decisions cannot be appealed during match - only post-match formal complaint allowed for rule misapplication (not judgment).

Scorekeeper Responsibilities

  • Maintain running score on scoreboard
  • Record all scores, fouls, cards, substitutions on match sheet
  • Operate shot clock (if used)
  • Signal referee for team timeout requests
  • Track team timeouts remaining
  • Provide halftime and final statistics
TOPIC 7: ADMINISTRATIVE & PROCEDURAL

⏰ Pre-Match Procedures Checklist

Timeline: 60 Minutes Before Match

Time Activity Responsible Party
60 min Referee arrives, inspects court and equipment Referee
45 min Teams arrive, begin warmup prep Teams
30 min Team rosters submitted to scorekeeper Coaches
25 min Shared court warmup begins (10 min total) Teams
15 min Captains verify rosters, sign match sheet Captains + Scorekeeper
10 min Final equipment check, ball inspection Referee
5 min Coin toss, team captains make selections Referee + Captains
2 min Teams to benches, starting lineups ready Teams
0 min Whistle - Match begins! Referee
⚠️ Late Team Policy
  • 5 min late: Forfeit warmup time, match starts on schedule
  • 10 min late: Forfeit match (0-10 loss)
  • Exception: Tournament director may grant delay for legitimate emergency (transportation issue, weather)
TOPIC 7: ADMINISTRATIVE & PROCEDURAL

🏁 Post-Match Procedures

Immediate Post-Match (0-10 minutes)

  1. Final Whistle: Referee signals end of match
  2. Handshakes: Teams line up at center court for sportsmanship handshakes
  3. Score Verification: Scorekeeper confirms final score with referee
  4. Captain Signatures: Both captains verify and sign match sheet
  5. Referee Review: Referee reviews match sheet for accuracy
  6. Referee Signature: Referee signs match sheet (within 10 minutes)
  7. Scoresheet Submission: Scorekeeper submits to tournament director/league

Incident Reporting

If any of the following occurred, referee must complete incident report:

  • Red card ejection
  • Serious injury requiring medical attention
  • Spectator interference or crowd control issues
  • Equipment failure or court safety issue
  • Protest or formal complaint filed
  • Abandoned or forfeited match
📝 Incident Report Requirements
  • Detailed description of incident
  • Time of incident
  • Players/persons involved
  • Actions taken by referee
  • Witness statements if applicable
  • Submitted within 24 hours of match

Court Cleanup

Home team/facility responsible for:

  • Collecting all match balls
  • Clearing benches of equipment and trash
  • Ensuring court is clean for next match
  • Securing equipment (TARGGETs, scoreboard)
TOPIC 7: ADMINISTRATIVE & PROCEDURAL

📊 Administrative Summary

Key Administrative Principles

Document/Process Timeframe Authority
Roster Submission 30 min before match Coach/Manager
Match Sheet Signing Within 10 min after match Captains + Referee
Immediate Protest During match Team Captain
Written Complaint Within 2 hours after match Team Captain/Coach
Formal Complaint Within 24 hours Team Captain/Coach
Incident Report Within 24 hours Referee
✅ Best Practices for Match Administration
  • Preparation: Arrive early, inspect everything thoroughly
  • Documentation: Record everything accurately in real-time
  • Communication: Clear communication between all officials
  • Professionalism: Treat all participants with respect
  • Consistency: Apply rules equally to both teams
  • Safety First: Never compromise player safety for game flow
  • Follow-Up: Complete all post-match paperwork promptly
COURSE REVIEW

📚 Course Review: R102 Advanced Rules

What We Covered

Topic 1: Game Structure & Timing
  • Match duration and periods
  • Overtime and shootout procedures
  • Timeout rules and management
  • Match start and termination
Topic 2: Team Composition & Roles
  • Roster requirements (6-12 players)
  • Captain responsibilities
  • Substitution procedures
  • Uniform standards
Topic 3: Fouls & Discipline
  • Foul classification (minor, major, severe)
  • Yellow and red card offenses
  • TARGGET zone violations
  • Penalty enforcement
Topic 4: Scoring & TARGGET
  • TARGGET hits (3 points) vs 1Ground (1 point)
  • Penalty TARGGET procedures
  • Scorekeeping requirements
  • Buzzer beater rules
Topic 5: Player Actions & Movement
  • No-zone distance requirements
  • Legal movement (2 steps, 1 drib'up)
  • Boundary rules
  • Screening and charging/blocking
Topic 6: Equipment & Court
  • Court dimensions (30m × 15m)
  • TARGGET specifications (2.5m height, 30cm disc)
  • Ball requirements
  • Safety and surface standards
Topic 7: Administrative & Procedural
  • Match documentation
  • Complaint and protest procedures
  • Officials' roles
  • Pre and post-match procedures
COURSE COMPLETE

🎓 Ready for Your Exam!

Congratulations!

You've completed the Raqball Advanced Rules (R102) certification course. You're now ready to take the exam and earn your FREE certification!

🎯 Exam Details
  • Questions: 30 multiple-choice questions
  • Time Limit: 45 minutes
  • Passing Score: 80% (24 correct)
  • Attempts: Unlimited retakes if needed
  • Question Pool: 40 total questions (30 selected randomly)

What This Certification Unlocks

  • ✅ Prerequisite Completed: Required for R103-R105 (Referee), T101 (Tournament Director)
  • ✅ Advanced Knowledge: Professional-level rules understanding
  • ✅ Career Path: Opens doors to referee and tournament director certifications
  • ✅ Community Recognition: Demonstrates serious commitment to Raqball

Exam Tips

  • Review course slides - all exam questions covered in course
  • Pay attention to specific numbers (3 meters, 30 cm, 2.5m, etc.)
  • Understand difference between minor/major/severe fouls
  • Know exact court and TARGGET dimensions
  • Remember administrative timeframes (2 hours, 24 hours, etc.)
🎯 Take the Exam Now

Good luck! You've got this! 💪